合肥市居民肝癌筛查意愿的影响因素分析

董雪梦; 柴静; 程静; 沈兴蓉; 冯瑞; 卢曼曼; 王德斌

doi:10.13898/j.cnki.issn.1000-2200.2019.05.027

合肥市居民肝癌筛查意愿的影响因素分析

Analysis of the factors affecting the willingness of liver cancer screening of residents in Hefei city

摘要

摘要:
目的分析合肥市居民肝癌筛查的需求，探索癌症筛查的主要影响因素。
方法以健康信念模型为指导，设计结构化问卷，对合肥市8个社区采取整群抽样的方法选取调查对象进行问卷调查。
结果共招募1 186名居民，肝癌意愿筛查率58.1%，实际筛查率为5.1%；年龄与筛查需求呈负相关（P < 0.05），文化程度及家庭年收入与筛查需求呈正相关（P < 0.05）；癌症筛查的五种认知指数中，障碍性最低（0.06），自我效能最高（0.71）。年龄越大，严重性认知、易感性认知、自我效能越低（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）；文化程度越高、年收入越高，严重性认知、易感性认知、收益性认知越高（P < 0.05~P < 0.01）。
结论心理认知因素对居民筛查行为有重要影响，在实际筛查工作中应该充分被考虑。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo analyze the needs of Hefei residents for liver cancer screening, and explore the main influencing factors of cancer screening.
MethodsGuided by the health belief model, a structured questionnaire was designed.The respondents from 8 communities in Hefei city were selected using a cluster sampling method, and investigated by questionnaire.
ResultsA total of 1 186 residents were enrolled.The willingness screening rate of liver cancer was 58.1% and the actual screening rate was 5.1%.The screening demand was negatively related to the age(P < 0.05), and positively related to the educational level and annual income(P < 0.05).Among 5 cancer screening indexes, the barrier was the lowest(0.06), and the self-efficacy was the highest(0.71).The older the resident was, the lower the severity, susceptibility and self-efficacy were(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The higher the educational level and annual income were, the higher the severity cognition, susceptibility cognition and profitability cognition were(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).
ConclusionsPsychological cognitive factor plays an important role in the behavior of residents screening, and should be fully considered in screening work.

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